What is Directive Play Therapy?

Recognizing the power of play, therapists have developed various play therapy techniques to help children overcome a variety of challenges. One such technique is Directive play therapy. In this article, we will describe what Directive play therapy is, how it differs from Non-directive play therapy, and the benefits it offers.

Quick Look

Directive play therapy is a powerful tool among many child therapists. By guiding and structuring the play, therapists can address specific issues, teach new skills, and provide immediate feedback. Like all therapeutic approaches, its effectiveness lies in its appropriate application. Some children will do well in a directive therapy format; others will make better progress using a non-directive approach. When used appropriately, Directive play therapy can pave the way for profound breakthroughs and lasting change in a child's life.

by Georgie Wisen-Vincent, LMFT RPT-S

Director, Play Strong Institute

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Definition of Directive Play Therapy

Directive play therapy, as the name suggests, is a type of play therapy where the therapist takes an active and guiding role in the child's play. The therapist introduces specific toys, games, or activities, offering specific interventions according to the child's needs. This approach is structured and goal-oriented, aiming to address specific issues or teach particular skills.

Directive vs. Non-Directive Play Therapy

Play therapy can generally be classified into two broad categories: directive and non-directive (or child-centered).

Directive Play Therapy: The therapist leads the session, choosing which toys or activities will be used and often setting up scenarios for the child to act out. The therapist has specific therapeutic goals in mind and directs the play to achieve these goals.
Non-Directive Play Therapy: Also known as Child-centered play therapy (CCPT), the child leads the session. The therapist observes and strategically reflects the child's play in order to help the child resolve feelings and conflicts, but the child decides how to play and which toys or activities to use. The idea is to provide a safe, non-judgmental environment where the child can express themselves freely.

Benefits of Directive Play Therapy

Targeted Interventions: Because the therapist directs the session with specific goals in mind, Directive play therapy can be particularly effective for addressing certain issues or teaching specific skills, such as anger management or social skills.
Immediate Feedback: The therapist can provide immediate feedback and guidance during the play, helping the child to understand and process their feelings or behaviors in real-time.
Structured Environment: Some children, especially those with anxiety, trauma, or certain behavioral disorders, might benefit from a more structured environment where they know what to expect.
Skill Development: Through directed activities, children can learn and practice new skills in a safe and supportive environment.

Considerations

While Directive play therapy can be highly beneficial, it might not be suitable for every child or every situation. Some children might feel overwhelmed or pressured by the directiveness and might respond better to a non-directive approach. The key is to assess each child's needs and tailor the therapy accordingly.